1 10 122 Place A location with a street address or larger region. Examples include building, statue, piazza, fountain, port, neighborhood, paintings, sculptures, frescoes, floors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Tallest Campanile in Rome: Santa Maria Maggiore Subject The topic of the resource Towers Description An account of the resource One of the most dramatic architectural components of the church of Santa Maria Maggiore is its bell tower, rising up 75 m high – the tallest campanile in Rome. The tower appears very similar to the typical twelfth and thirteenth century Romanesque style typical of Rome, with its square base, brick construction, bifore and trifore windows openings (window openings divided into two or three pieces by columns), and discreet levels clearly delineated by cornices. If one looks more closely at this campanile, however, one finds many characteristics that distinguish it from its earlier models. The tower’s exterior is decorated with numerous bacini, or ceramic bowls which often originated from the Middle East. The levels are delineated by stringcourses of marble moldings rather than a simple course of brick tiles. As Ann Priester points out, the arched openings from the lower three stories with double bifore window openings are very differently constructed here than in most Roman bell towers as they are described by Ann Priester. The lowest bifore level has Gothic arches, and in the next two stories the colonnettes (thin columns) are doubled, a practice with origins outside of Rome and dating from the mid-thirteenth century, after most Roman bell towers were built. Most of the tower was completed in the 1370s, a century after the original campanile craze had died down. In fact, the tower was one of the few major ecclesiastical building projects in Rome during the Avignon papacy. Between 1445 and 1483 Cardinal Guillaume D’Estouteville completed the top story and add the pyramidal spire to the top of the roof, completing one of the rare examples of Romanesque-style campanile construction after the thirteenth century. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Joseph Lowry (2017) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1300s Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context santamariamaggiore_2015 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. P.za di Santa Maria Maggiore, 00100 Roma RM Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gill, Meredith J. "'Where the Danger Was Greatest': A Gallic Legacy in Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome." Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 59 (1996): 498-522. Priester, Ann. “Bell Towers and Building Workshops in Medieval Rome.” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 52 (1993): 199-220. Type The nature or genre of the resource Place Needs image Towers https://omeka-dev.carleton.edu/cgmr/files/original/cc41a0efa8f35101bef891456427ef8f.jpg 502feab9d02a2bfec9cfbd82ca3f8c53 Place A location with a street address or larger region. Examples include building, statue, piazza, fountain, port, neighborhood, paintings, sculptures, frescoes, floors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Margani House and Tower Subject The topic of the resource Towers Description An account of the resource Situated near the heart of the ancient city and within the densely packed abitato, the Margani complex provides useful insights into the types of residences Roman nobles owned and controlled during the medieval period. As Richard Krautheimer tells us, the edifice was constructed prior to 1305 and, in that year, occupied by the prosperous Margani family. Throughout the next two centuries the Margani built up the complex, much of which we can still visit today. During the Margani’s residency, the complex composed of a three and four story mansion packed with residential spaces and a walled courtyard likely filled with a luscious garden. Beyond its imposing size, architectural decorations testified to this family’s status as nobility. A portico propped up by slender columns and Ionic capitals, examples of valuable Roman spolia, embellished the façade. A partial Roman cornice (band of decorative molding that projects off of a façade to frame an architectural feature) also ornamented the complex’s main entrance. Of all the Margani mansion’s extant features, however, the brick tower is perhaps the most important. In the medieval period, the Margani tower would have been one among countless family towers looming over the Roman cityscape. Krautheimer notes that between the eleventh and fifteenth centuries, towers sprang up across the abitato and disabitato as a result of a rise in city-based living and noble settlement within the Aurelian walls. In addition to profoundly altering the city’s skyline, towers played prominently into local power dynamics by demarcating zones of influence and serving as fortified spaces during armed conflicts. Though the Margani tower no longer stands at its original height, it still serves as a fruitful reminder of this remarkable urban process. As you walk throughout the modern city keep an eye out for remnants of the great family towers that dominated the Roman landscape during the medieval period, as well as the large decorated mansions and complexes that encompassed them. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nate Grein (2017) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Krautheimer, Richard. Rome: Profile of a City, 312-1308. Hong Kong: Princeton University Press, 1980. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context marganitower_2015 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Via Margana, 4, 00186 Roma RM Abstract A summary of the resource. Situated near the heart of the ancient city and within the densely packed abitato, the Margani complex provides useful insights into the types of residences Roman nobles owned and controlled during the medieval period. As Richard Krautheimer tells us, the edifice was constructed prior to 1305 and, in that year, occupied by the prosperous Margani family. Throughout the next two centuries the Margani built up the complex, much of which we can still visit today. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1300s Type The nature or genre of the resource Place Towers https://omeka-dev.carleton.edu/cgmr/files/original/2c232b54bf94c58a1dfdd114fcc3927f.jpg 28269af6e94f51a61e27cb3be73d5fef Place A location with a street address or larger region. Examples include building, statue, piazza, fountain, port, neighborhood, paintings, sculptures, frescoes, floors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Towers on Tiber Island Subject The topic of the resource Towers Description An account of the resource “For the better part of the Middle Ages, Rome must have had [a] hedgehog look.” Hundreds of towers changed and dominated the skyline of Rome in the Middle Ages due to the rise to power of new Roman noble families. Towers were never originally isolated like we see them today; they were always part of a larger complex, which were owned by the great Roman families, and they were a means by which the families could defend their land. One such family, the Pierleoni, fortified Tiber Island in the 11th century and in doing so, held a tower there which overlooked and commanded the Ponte Fabricio (also called the Ponte dei Quattro Capi), one of the only two bridges that crossed over the Tiber before the 15th century. Since the Tiber Island was desirable land due to its hard to reach location, the tower and the fortress were used defensively as much as they were a symbol of the Pierleoni family’s power. The fortified mansion at one point also provided protection for Pope Urban II in 1088 while the anti-pope governed the Vatican. The tower later became known as the Torre dei Caetani, since the fortress fell to the Caetani family, the family of Pope Boniface VIII, by around 1300. Eventually, the Caetani family left the site due to flooding. Today only the tower and part of the mansion remain of the medieval complex. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Shweta Bhatia (2016) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Krautheimer, Richard. Rome: Profile of a City, 312-1308. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context towersmedievalrome_2015 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Via di Ponte Quattro capi, 00186 Roma RM Abstract A summary of the resource. Hundreds of towers dominated the skyline of Rome in the Middle Ages due to the rise to power of new Roman noble families. Towers were never originally isolated like we see them today, they were always part of a larger complex, which were owned by the great Roman families, and they were a means by which the families could defend their land. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1000s 1300s Type The nature or genre of the resource Place medieval towers Towers https://omeka-dev.carleton.edu/cgmr/files/original/cd431fc06a8057e9d0dd464fdedb7a42.jpg c43c11aeae0387e7c0ba5731e0bfcd81 Place A location with a street address or larger region. Examples include building, statue, piazza, fountain, port, neighborhood, paintings, sculptures, frescoes, floors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Torre dei Conti: A Family Fortress Subject The topic of the resource Towers Description An account of the resource The Torre dei Conti dominates the landscape, just as it once surpassed any other Roman tower in height and width. Named after one of the most powerful families of medieval Rome, this tower stood in the middle of a violent conflict between the Conti family and another powerful family of Rome (the Orsini) at the beginning of the thirteenth century. This conflict was deeply rooted in economic and historical rivalry, which eventually led to a violent attack on the tower as the Orsini tried to turn the city against the Conti. The tower, however, was only one part of a complex Conti fortress created to protect them. Following a common trend in medieval architecture, this compound-tower apparatus once stood as the grand symbol of the Conti family. A member of the Conti family, Pope Innocent III built the tower as a way to commemorate them. However, the tower represented another sort of conflict. Scholars have said that Innocent III took money illicitly from the church and gave it to his brother to build the tower. This controversy has led some to believe that the Ospedale di Santo Spirito was built as a way for Innocent to atone for his sin. After an earthquake in the mid-fourteenth century, part of the tower was destroyed. Over time, the tower has undergone more weathering and destruction. However, the remaining base still stands tall among the modern city of Rome. With its own road (Via Torre dei Conti), the legacy of this tower certainly remains prominent across the city’s history. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Madison McBride (2016) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Brentano, Robert. Rome Before Avignon: A Social History of Thirteenth Century Rome. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990. Hart, Vaughan and Peter Hicks, trans. Palladio’s Rome. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Krautheimer, Richard. Rome: Profile of a City, 312-1308. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context torreconti_2015 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Torre dei Conti, 00184 Roma RM Abstract A summary of the resource. The Torre dei Conti dominates the landscape, just as it once surpassed any other Roman tower in height and width (Krautheimer 204). Named after one of the most powerful families of medieval Rome, this tower stood in the middle of a violent conflict between the Conti family and another powerful family of Rome (the Orsini) at the beginning of the thirteenth century (Brentano). Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1200s Type The nature or genre of the resource Place Towers https://omeka-dev.carleton.edu/cgmr/files/original/6024da5011305aa2fff6c7b738ffbe3c.jpg 38dfb5de669745755f1d3b56d703857f Place A location with a street address or larger region. Examples include building, statue, piazza, fountain, port, neighborhood, paintings, sculptures, frescoes, floors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Torre delle Milizie Subject The topic of the resource Towers Description An account of the resource The Torre delle Milizie (“Tower of the Militia”) is a large defensive tower from medieval Rome located in Trajan's Market. Constructed between the late 1100s and the early 1200s, it was developed in the 1270s under Pandolfo della Subura, creating the massive base and the distinctive three-level outline that we see today. The name "of the militia" which was applied to the tower and to its immediate area recalls the site's use as a base for Byzantine troops under the Late Roman Emperor Tiberius I Constantine (578-582CE). .An earthquake destroyed the top floors in 1349, reducing the tower's height to 50m (165 ft). The tower was part of a larger fortress complex on that stood on the boundary between the medieval city center and Rome’s disabitato or "uninhabited" area: it loomed over the city’s visitors as they entered the built up part of the city. Defensive towers were a statement of family power and wealth during the medieval period. In the hands of the Frangipani family in the 12th century, the tower was controlled by the Annibaldi family in the mid thirteenth century, and later by the Caetani and Conti families. The Torre delle Milizie is one of the most imposing medieval structures in Rome and is a recognizable landmark from many viewpoints. The tower is also a good reminder that there would have been fortified structures like these scattered throughout the medieval city. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gracie McNeely (2016) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Krautheimer, Richard. Rome: Profile of a City, 312-1308. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1980. Packer, James E. "Report from Rome: The Imperial Fora, a Retrospective." American Journal of Archaeology 101, no. 2 (1997): 307-30. Accessed May 17, 2015. http://www.jstor.org/stable/506512. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context torremilizie_2015 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Salita del Grillo, 37, 00187 Roma RM Abstract A summary of the resource. The Torre delle Milizie (“Tower of the Militia”) is a large defensive tower from medieval Rome located in Trajan's Market. It was part of a former fortress on the edge of Rome's medieval inhabited area, and passed from one important family to another between the 12th and 14th centuries. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1200s Type The nature or genre of the resource Place disabitato fortification Towers https://omeka-dev.carleton.edu/cgmr/files/original/7cceff768b76a0eca9175e251a0560e4.jpg f9d0bbbfa572a0fc3cf83386ac4f9684 https://omeka-dev.carleton.edu/cgmr/files/original/42d2b10579a3348211935e3f0cb4a73c.png a47470951f9f3a021e0ee1451518a738 Place A location with a street address or larger region. Examples include building, statue, piazza, fountain, port, neighborhood, paintings, sculptures, frescoes, floors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Torre Sanguigna Subject The topic of the resource Towers Description An account of the resource The Torre Sanguigna is a medieval tower on a corner north of the Piazza Navona. Despite the large number of towers, territory markers of noble families, that once filled Rome, it is today (in Krautheimer’s words) one of the “ill-documented and few” towers that still survive from the inhabited city center of the Middle Ages. An article on medieval masonry is one of the few English-language articles to mention it, and this source as well mentions little more about it than its proximity to the Piazza Navona. It does, however, provide a date for the construction of the Torre Sanguigna: the alternating rows of brickwork and small bricks of tufa (a local stone) visible on its lower section suggest a twelfth or thirteenth century date of construction. In discussing the surviving medieval towers of Rome, Krautheimer bemoans the separation of some from the fabric of the city and their treatment as museum pieces, but the Torre Sanguigna is an exception. It is still integrated into its block of buildings, even if the fortified house—domus—that would have originally been connected to it and housed the noble family that built it is no longer standing or at least visible. Despite the great changes to the city since the Middle Ages, including the widening of the streets and the greater height of the surrounding buildings, the Torre Sanguigna as currently situated provides a view of the original place of the tower as part of a larger building complex. Antonio Tempesta’s seventeenth century map of Rome provides a perspective of the tower midway between its construction and the present day, and it is depicted, then as now, as part of the surrounding city block. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Emma Burd (2015) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Barclay Lloyd, J. E. “Masonry Techniques in Medieval Rome.” Papers of the British School at Rome 53 (1985): 225-277. Krautheimer, Richard. Rome: Profile of a City, 312 - 1308. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980. Tempesta, Antonio. Plan of the City of Rome. From The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1645. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context torresanguigna_2015 Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Via Giuseppe Zanardelli, 00186 Roma RM Abstract A summary of the resource. The Torre Sanguigna is a medieval tower on a corner north of the Piazza Navona. Despite the large number of towers, territory markers of noble families, that once filled Rome, it is today (in Krautheimer’s words) one of the “ill-documented and few” towers that still survive from the inhabited city center of the Middle Ages. An article on medieval masonry is one of the few English-language articles to mention it, and this source as well mentions little more about it than its proximity to the Piazza Navona. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1100s Type The nature or genre of the resource Place Towers https://omeka-dev.carleton.edu/cgmr/files/original/044aae7e49bf4281006acca5e62878da.jpg 941c843903d2271f8ea8dc4f6b20cf56 Place A location with a street address or larger region. Examples include building, statue, piazza, fountain, port, neighborhood, paintings, sculptures, frescoes, floors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Palazzo Altemps Subject The topic of the resource Houses and Gardens Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Charles Martens (2017) Description An account of the resource Though it is now the home of an expansive museum of art as one of the branches of the National Roman Museum, the Palazzo Altemps has a long history of noble occupation. From the time of the ancient Romans the site was one of the largest marble warehouses in the ancient city, just 160 meters up the Tiber from the Ponte Elio, one of the two marble ports of Rome. You can see part of the excavations today in one of the museum’s wings. In 1477, during a period of urbanization on the Campus Martius, Girolamo Riario, nephew of Pope Sixtus IV, began construction of what would become the Palazzo Altemps. Due to their relation to the Pope, the Riario family had significant influence over politics in Rome, and during Sixtus' papacy the Riario family built on a massive scale, with projects including the Cancelleria and Palazzo Corsini. Following the initial construction of the Palazzo Altemps, Cardinal Francesco Soderini purchased the palace in 1511. During his residency he renovated the palace. However his renovations did not last the rest of the century. Cardinal Marco Sittico Altemps, who lends his name to the palace today, purchased the palace in 1568 to house his expansive art collection. Among his art collection include mostly statues in the classical vein. Upon his purchase he commissioned an extreme makeover of the palace, covering the courtyard, the church of Ancietus, and the loggia as they appear today. While Sittico’s collection is featured in some place in some places, the Boncampagni Ludiovisi and Egyptian collections are far more prominent within the museum, both of which are extremely classical in their aesthetics and history. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lalupa. Roma, Palazzo Altemps: Cortile Maggiore, photo, March 2, 2007. http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazzo_Altemps#/media/File:Palazzo_Altemps_-_cortile_1010531.JPG "National Roman Museum: The Palazzo Altemps." Soprintendenza Speciale per il Colosseo, il MNR, e l'Area Archaeologica di Roma. Date Accessed June 3, 2015. http://archeoroma.beniculturali.it/en/museums/national-roman-museum-palazzo-altemps "Palazzo Altemps." Tiscali. Date Accessed May 31, 2015. http://web.tiscali.it/romaonlineguide/Pages/eng/rbarocca/sBHy15.htm "Palazzo Altemps." Rome Guide. Date Accessed May 31, 2015. http://www.romeguide.it/ALTEMPS/palazzoaltemps.htm "Palazzo Altemps: Museo Nazionale Romano." A View on Cities. Date Accessed May 31, 2015. http://www.aviewoncities.com/rome/palazzoaltemps.htm Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Piazza di Sant'Apollinare, 46, 00186 Roma RM Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context palazzoaltemps_2015 Abstract A summary of the resource. Though it is now the home of an expansive museum of art as one of the branches of the National Roman Museum, the Palazzo Altemps has a long history of noble occupation. From the time of the ancient Romans, the site provided one of the largest marble warehouses in the ancient city, just 160 meters up the Tiber from the Ponte Elio, one of the two marble ports of Rome. You can see part of the excavations today in one of the museum’s wings. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1400s Type The nature or genre of the resource Place Houses and Gardens https://omeka-dev.carleton.edu/cgmr/files/original/7aa5e53245c51e2a5d0e7c879340db08.png efe2889e692231c87b2e77ee1e977116 Place A location with a street address or larger region. Examples include building, statue, piazza, fountain, port, neighborhood, paintings, sculptures, frescoes, floors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Villa Medici: A Tale of Two Villas Subject The topic of the resource Houses and Gardens Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tanner Fliss (2016) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context twovillas_2015 Description An account of the resource Purchased by Cardinal Ferdinando de' Medici in 1576, the Villa Medici can be understood as a tale of two villas. One is a traditional urban palace with a stoic, regimented front facade (pictured here). The other is a true garden villa demarcated by the building's elaborate back façade, which features multiple Romanesque statues, arches and columns. The Villa was clearly more of an urban palace than a garden villa prior to 1576, as Ferdinando undertook a sizable development project with the aim of more fully integrating the Villa into nature. He enlisted the help of his old friend Bartolomeo Ammanati, who drew inspiration from the contemporary gardens at the Villa d'Este to guide the additions to the Villa Medici. The additions amounted to “the distinctive attic and twin towers, the gallery wing, the Serlian loggia, the elevated appartamento nobile, and the decorated [back] facade” (Andres, 282). What Ferdinando de' Medici achieved through his additions to the Villa were profound aesthetic changes which, in the words of Glenn Andres, “converted a fairly conservative and static mid-century suburban villa into a striking new statement in massing and unity...In short, Ferdinando de' Medici got maximum effect for his minimal effort, radically altering the appearance of the villa and thrusting it to the forefront of contemporary design” (Andres, 283). Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Glenn M. Andres, “The Villa Medici in Rome: The Projects of 1576”, Mitteilungen des Kunsthistorischen Institutes in Florenz, 19. Bd., H. 2 (1975), pp. 277-302. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Viale della Trinità dei Monti, 1, 00044 Roma RM Abstract A summary of the resource. Purchased by Cardinal Ferdinando de' Medici in 1576, the Villa Medici can be understood as a tale of two villas. One, a traditional urban palace that is emphasized by its stoic, regimented front facade (pictured here). The other, a true garden villa that is indicated by the elaborate back facade of the Villa, which features multiple Romanesque statues, arches and columns. The Villa was clearly more of an urban palace than a garden villa prior to 1576, as Ferdinando undertook a sizable development project with the aim of more fully integrating the Villa into nature. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1500s Type The nature or genre of the resource Place Houses and Gardens Unsure on details https://omeka-dev.carleton.edu/cgmr/files/original/a4bc9c7cfeda303ff4bd80e15dcb5cca.jpg a24dbecea96ff3a3965551efe1e837ea Place A location with a street address or larger region. Examples include building, statue, piazza, fountain, port, neighborhood, paintings, sculptures, frescoes, floors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CGMR https://omeka-dev.carleton.edu/cgmr/files/original/510ca6fbd09e814469fd1ad50cf783d2.jpg 9349dd01244ec1ae4451dfc2e6ae2823 Place A location with a street address or larger region. Examples include building, statue, piazza, fountain, port, neighborhood, paintings, sculptures, frescoes, floors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Santa Maria in Ara Coeli Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Liza Peterson (2016) Description An account of the resource Santa Maria in Aracoeli is a basilica that sits at the top of the Capitoline Hill at the site where the Tiburtine Sybil was said to have announced the coming of Christ. The Mirabilia Urbis Romae, a 12th-century guidebook to Roman monuments, claims that it was built on the foundations of the ancient Temple of Juno. Today, however, what remains is the structure that was built in the 8th century, and then rebuilt in the 12th century, as the monastery and church of S. Maria in Capitolio. Approaching the building from the west, visitors begin at the base of 124 steps leading up the hill to the church. In the medieval period, a public market was held in front of S. Maria on the uneven expanse of the hill, cascading down into the piazza below, today known as Piazza Aracoeli. The steps had not yet been built during the 12th century, but one can imagine the crowded market sprawling down the hill where the steps exist today. Although there were medieval steps leading up the east side of the hill to S. Maria from the forum, this market ensured that the main entrance to the church was largely from the west, the primary entrance used by visitors today. Arriving at the top of the steps, take a moment to walk around the top of the Capitoline hill, as it provides one of the best panoramic views of Rome. Abstract A summary of the resource. Santa Maria in Aracoeli is a basilica that sits at the top of the Capitoline Hill at the site where Tiburtine Sybil was said to have announced the coming of Christ. The Mirabilia Urbis Romae, a 12th-century guidebook to Roman monuments, claims that it was built on the foundations of the ancient Temple of Juno. Today, however, what remains is the structure that was built in the 8th century, and then rebuilt in the 12th century, as the monastery and church of S. Maria in Capitolio. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context santamariaaracoeli_2015 Subject The topic of the resource The Friars’ Rome Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Macadam, Alta. Blue Guide: Rome. London: Somerset Books, 2010. Benedict. Mirabilia Urbis Romae. Translated and Edited by Francis Morgan Nicholas. New York: Italica Press, 1986. Krautheimer, Richard. Rome: Profile of a City, 312-1308. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000. Spatial Coverage Spatial characteristics of the resource. Scala dell'Arce Capitolina, 12, 00186 Roma RM Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 700s Type The nature or genre of the resource Place The Friars’ Rome